Adynamic Bowel Obstruction is characterized by which mechanism?

• A. Bowel obstruction due to no peristalsis - usually post op
• B. Mechanical blockage from adhesions or hernias
• C. Bowel obstruction caused by excessive secretions
• D. Bowel obstruction due to inflammation only

Answer: (A)

Adynamic bowel obstruction is a functional blockage caused by a failure or marked reduction of intestinal peristalsis. After surgery, neural and hormonal signals, inflammation, edema, electrolyte disturbances, and opioid use can suppress smooth muscle contractions, so the bowel isn’t propelling contents forward. Because there’s no physical blockage, gas and fluid accumulate and the bowel dilates. This distinguishes it from a mechanical obstruction, where a physical lesion like adhesions or a hernia blocks the lumen. Excessive secretions or inflammation can contribute to changes in motility, but the defining mechanism here is the absence or severe reduction of peristaltic activity.