Mechanical peristomal skin damage is caused by what?

• A. Bacterial infection
• B. From pressure, friction, or shear
• C. Excessive moisture
• D. Sun exposure

Answer: (B)

Mechanical peristomal skin damage happens when physical forces from the ostomy appliance and daily movement press, rub, and shift on the skin around the stoma. Pressure is the ongoing contact force from the barrier pressing into the skin, which can compress tiny blood vessels and injure tissue. Friction is the rubbing that occurs as the barrier or its edges move against the skin during activity, wearing away protective skin layers. Shear is the sliding force that happens when the appliance moves or the skin slides in relation to the barrier, causing separation of tissue at the surface and irritation. These mechanical forces directly injure the skin and lead to soreness, redness, or lesions even without infection or moisture issues. While infection or excessive moisture can worsen skin problems, they don’t cause the initial mechanical injury. Preventing this type of damage focuses on reducing these forces through a proper fit and seal, minimizing movement, and using barrier strategies to lower friction.