Peristomal allergic contact dermatitis is defined as?

• A. An allergic reaction to one or more components of the pouching system or other products used during the pouching process
• B. A bacterial infection of the skin
• C. Mechanical irritation from pouch edges
• D. A fungal infection of the peristomal skin

Answer: (A)

Peristomal allergic contact dermatitis is an immune-mediated reaction of the skin around the stoma to substances in the pouching system or related products used during appliance changes. It most often stems from contact with adhesives, skin barriers, or other components of the ostomy care products. The result is redness, itching, swelling, and sometimes vesicles or weeping in the peristomal area, and improvement occurs when the offending product is removed and hypoallergenic alternatives are used. This is different from infections or mechanical irritation: infections typically involve warmth, drainage, or fever and may require antimicrobial treatment, while mechanical irritation is caused by friction or poor fit and tends to show irritation from rubbing rather than an allergic reaction that resolves with product changes.