Stoma size varies according to what factor?

• A. The patient
• B. The anatomic location of the ostomy
• C. The type of ostomy
• D. The surgeon's technique

Answer: (B)

Stoma size is determined by the caliber of the bowel segment used to create the ostomy. Different parts of the GI tract have different lumen diameters and tissue characteristics, so the opening through the abdominal wall is tailored to match the segment (for example, ileum versus colon). Matching the opening to the segment helps prevent stenosis if the opening is too small and protects the mucocutaneous junction from trauma if it’s too large. While patient factors, the type of ostomy, or the surgeon’s technique can affect healing and appearance, the main factor setting the size is the anatomic location of the ostomy.