Stoma stenosis is best described as?

• A. Constricted or reduced size and narrowing of the lumen of the stoma
• B. Enlargement of the lumen
• C. Prolapse of the stoma through the skin
• D. Necrosis of stoma tissue

Answer: (A)

Stoma stenosis means the stoma opening has become narrowed—the lumen is constricted, giving a reduced or smaller opening for stool to pass. This narrowing can make stoma output low and can lead to obstruction if the passage becomes too tight. It often results from scar tissue from healing, inflammation, or edema around the stoma.

Because of this narrowing, you may notice difficulty fitting the pouch, a sense of a tight or stiff stoma, or symptoms of obstruction such as abdominal cramping and reduced output. Management aims to relieve the narrowing under medical guidance, sometimes with dilation or, in some cases, surgical revision if needed.

The other descriptions point to different problems: enlargement of the lumen describes dilation rather than narrowing; prolapse is the stoma protruding outward through the skin; necrosis is tissue death. So the description of a constricted or reduced size and narrowing of the stoma lumen is the correct one.