Which statement describes a complete peristomal fistula?

• A. All effluent drains through the fistula.
• B. No effluent passes through the fistula.
• C. Effluent drains evenly between fistula and stoma.
• D. It drains only from the stoma.

Answer: (A)

When a peristomal fistula is complete, the fistulous tract becomes the sole pathway for intestinal contents to reach the skin around the stoma. All effluent drains through the fistula onto the peristomal skin, and the stoma itself does not carry drainage. This distinguishes it from a partial fistula, where drainage is shared between the fistula and the stoma, or from no fistula, where drainage goes entirely through the stoma. Managing a complete fistula focuses on protecting the surrounding skin, addressing the fistula tract, and seeking surgical or specialized care as needed.